Journal: Neurophotonics

Article Title: Designing a large field-of-view two-photon microscope using optical invariant analysis

doi: 10.1117/1.NPh.5.2.025001

Figure Lengend Snippet: Optical aberrations or vignetting limit the optical throughput of relay lenses. (a) Layout and spot diagram of achromatic doublet (AC508-100-B, Thorlabs) modeled in Zemax. The 2-mm-diameter beam is focused on axis. The spot size is diffraction-limited, as indicated by the spot size predicted by ray optics being less than the Airy radius. There are 100% unvignetted rays (UVR) at the image plane. Layout is not to scale. (b) Same as (a), but for scan angle of 15 deg. 30% of the rays are clipped and do not reach the image plane. (c) Layout and spot diagram for the same achromatic doublet with input beam diameter of 6 mm. (d) Same as (c), but for scan angle of 10 deg. The beam is not diffraction-limited at the image plane. (e) Percent of unvignettted rays as a function of input beam angle for 2-mm- and 6-mm-input beam diameter. Data show maximum scan angle possible before vignetting. (f) RMS spot size radius at the image plane as a function of input beam angle. Dashed black and red lines are diffraction limit for 2-mm- and 6-mm-input beam diameter, respectively. The performance of the achromatic doublet is limited by vignetting for input beam diameter equal to 2 mm, whereas it is limited by optical aberrations when the input beam diameter is equal to 6 mm.

Article Snippet: 5 to 6 , 7.1 , Achromatic doublet , AC508-500-B , Thorlabs.

Techniques:

Journal: Neurophotonics

Article Title: Designing a large field-of-view two-photon microscope using optical invariant analysis

doi: 10.1117/1.NPh.5.2.025001

Figure Lengend Snippet: Performance of commercially available relay lenses. (a) Max scan angle as a function of input beam diameter for 27 relay lenses modeled in Zemax. Max scan angle is limited by either vignetting or optical aberrations. Highlighted are the best performing telecentric f -theta ( T - f θ ) scan lens (L27), best performing compound achromatic doublet (CAD) design (L15), and two achromatic doublet (AD) lenses that are typically used in conventional TPM ( efl = 100 mm ; L11 and efl = 200 mm ; L12). All relay lenses and corresponding labels are listed in Appendix . (b) Optical invariant of the 27 relay lenses plotted as a function of input beam diameter. Curves are colored according to legend in (a). The optical invariant for a conventional TPM system (dashed green) and the two macro-objectives shown in Fig. 2 are also labeled (dashed red and dashed blue lines). These results show at which beam diameter a relay lens has the best performance. Candidate relay lenses for LF-TPM should have optical invariant that is comparable with the macro-objective lenses.

Article Snippet: 5 to 6 , 7.1 , Achromatic doublet , AC508-500-B , Thorlabs.

Techniques: Labeling

Journal: Neurophotonics

Article Title: Designing a large field-of-view two-photon microscope using optical invariant analysis

doi: 10.1117/1.NPh.5.2.025001

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison of integrated scanning systems for conventional TPM and LF-TPM. (a) Schematic of conventional scanning system consisting of two achromatic doublets with effective focal length equal to 100 and 200 mm (L11 and L12 in Appendix ). The input beam diameter d in is magnified by a factor of M 1 at the output of the relay. (b) Schematic of high-throughput relay with lenses highlighted in Fig. 5 (L27 and L15). The magnification of the relays in (a) and (b) ( M 1 and M 2 ) is approximately equal to 2. (c) Simulated performance of conventional relay lenses with objective modeled as paraxial lens with a focal length of 45 mm in Zemax. Optical invariant of isolated components (2-D galvanometer, L11, and L12) and integrated relay with 1-D and 2-D galvanometer are plotted as a function of input beam diameter to the system d in . (d) Same as (c), but for the high-throughput relay lenses shown in (b). (e) The FOV predicted for the two systems plotted as a function of lateral resolution. FOV and lateral resolution were calculated as a function of d in using Eqs. (5), (9), and (17). The maximum SBP is achieved for input beam diameter equal to 10 mm. (f) SBP predicted for the two systems plotted as a function of d in (Eq. 10).

Article Snippet: 5 to 6 , 7.1 , Achromatic doublet , AC508-500-B , Thorlabs.

Techniques: Comparison, High Throughput Screening Assay, Isolation

Journal: Neurophotonics

Article Title: Designing a large field-of-view two-photon microscope using optical invariant analysis

doi: 10.1117/1.NPh.5.2.025001

Figure Lengend Snippet: LF-TPM system schematic. Pulsed light from TiSapphire (TiS) laser is directed to the input of the microscope. Laser intensity and dispersion are controlled with an electro-optic modulator (EOM) and dispersion compension prisms. The beam is then expanded with a beam expander (BE) consisting of two achromatic doublets. Emission is separated with a dichroic mirror and is transmitted through both a shortpass and notch filter before being collected by a photomultiplier tube (PMT). The output of the PMT is amplified and digitized before images are displayed on a computer. Surfaces are labeled with numbers, and the distances are presented in Appendix .

Article Snippet: 5 to 6 , 7.1 , Achromatic doublet , AC508-500-B , Thorlabs.

Techniques: Microscopy, Dispersion, Amplification, Labeling

Journal: Neurophotonics

Article Title: Designing a large field-of-view two-photon microscope using optical invariant analysis

doi: 10.1117/1.NPh.5.2.025001

Figure Lengend Snippet: Specifications of relay lenses analyzed.

Article Snippet: 5 to 6 , 7.1 , Achromatic doublet , AC508-500-B , Thorlabs.

Techniques:

Journal: Neurophotonics

Article Title: Designing a large field-of-view two-photon microscope using optical invariant analysis

doi: 10.1117/1.NPh.5.2.025001

Figure Lengend Snippet: System prescription starting from 2-D galvanometer mirrors to PMT. Surface location is labeled in Fig. 7 .

Article Snippet: 5 to 6 , 7.1 , Achromatic doublet , AC508-500-B , Thorlabs.

Techniques: Labeling